Introduction
Migraine isn't just an "ordinary headache" — it's episodes of pain that can completely stop your day, and they affect millions of people, more commonly women. The good news is that, with the right diagnosis, there are many ways to control the attacks and reduce how often they happen.
What is a migraine?
Migraine is a neurological condition that causes throbbing headache attacks, often on one side of the head, lasting from hours to days. Sometimes warning signs known as "aura" come first — such as visual disturbances (flashes or spots) or mild numbness.
Migraine symptoms
- Throbbing pain, often on one side of the head
- Increased sensitivity to light and sound
- Nausea and sometimes vomiting
- Pain that worsens with movement or exertion
- In some cases, mild visual disturbances before the attack (aura)
Migraine triggers
Triggers differ from person to person, but the most common include:
- Stress, anxiety or lack of sleep
- Skipping meals or dehydration
- Certain foods and drinks (such as excess caffeine)
- Hormonal changes in women
- Bright light or long screen time
When to see a doctor
If your headaches recur and affect your work or daily life, a neurological assessment can identify the type and the right treatment plan. You should also get checked if:
- Your usual headache pattern changes or becomes more severe
- The headache wakes you from sleep or worsens with coughing and exertion
If you get a sudden, very severe "thunderclap" headache, or a headache with weakness or numbness on one side of the body, difficulty speaking, confusion, or a stiff neck with fever — go to the nearest emergency department right away, as these can be signs that need urgent care.
Migraine treatment options
Treating the acute attack
The goal is to relieve the pain as quickly as possible when an attack happens. The doctor decides the appropriate treatment based on your condition and the severity of the attacks — it is not something to decide without medical advice.
Preventive treatment
If attacks are frequent, the doctor may recommend a preventive plan that reduces their number and severity. Prevention also includes lifestyle changes: regular sleep, adequate hydration, avoiding known triggers, and managing stress.
How Town Hospital helps you
At Town Hospital, the neurology team begins with a careful assessment that distinguishes migraine from other types of headache, identifies your personal triggers, and sets a treatment and prevention plan suited to your case so you can regain control of your day.
Frequently asked questions
Can migraine be cured completely?
Migraine is a chronic condition that is well controlled with treatment and prevention. The goal is to reduce the frequency and severity of attacks, not necessarily to make them disappear entirely — your doctor will explain what is realistic for your case.
Does food cause migraine?
Some foods can be a trigger for certain people, but they are not the main cause. Keeping an attack diary helps identify your personal triggers.
Is migraine dangerous?
It is usually not dangerous but it is disruptive. The important thing is to rule out more serious causes through a medical assessment, especially if warning signs appear.
Can stress alone trigger an attack?
Stress and lack of sleep are among the most common triggers, and managing them is a key part of any prevention plan.